Pediatrics

Newborn & Neonatology APGAR scoring and NRP delivery-room resuscitation, Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (surfactant deficiency), Transient tachypnea of the newborn, Meconium aspiration and persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn, ABO and Rh hemolytic disease of the newborn, Early vs late-onset neonatal sepsis and GBS prophylaxis, Prematurity complications: IVH, NEC, retinopathy of prematurity, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and therapeutic hypothermia, Infant of a diabetic mother and neonatal hypoglycemia, Caput succedaneum vs cephalohematoma and clavicle fracture, Congenital diaphragmatic hernia and tracheoesophageal fistula, Vitamin K and erythromycin eye prophylaxis, Neonatal abstinence syndrome, Cleft lip and palate (and Pierre Robin sequence), Gastroschisis vs omphalocele (abdominal wall defects), Fetal alcohol syndrome and teratogen exposures.

Development, Prevention & Adolescent Developmental milestones by age (gross and fine motor, language, social), Failure to thrive and faltering-growth workup, Growth-chart interpretation; constitutional vs familial short stature, Autism spectrum disorder and M-CHAT screening, ADHD diagnosis and stimulant management, Global developmental delay and intellectual disability, Cerebral palsy, Tics and Tourette syndrome, Nocturnal enuresis and encopresis, Breath-holding spells and temper tantrums, Colic, infant sleep problems, and night terrors, Well-child visit components and anticipatory guidance, Injury prevention: car seats and safe sleep / SIDS prevention, HEEADSSS adolescent interview, Substance-use (CRAFFT) and adolescent depression / suicide screening, Obesity, BMI screening, and metabolic syndrome, Iron and vitamin D supplementation in infants; nutrition counseling, Dental health and fluoride, Sports preparticipation physical and sudden-cardiac-death screening, Osteopathic primary-care / OMM in well-child care, Strabismus, amblyopia, and vision/hearing screening.

Infectious Disease Viral exanthems: measles, rubella, roseola (HHV-6), erythema infectiosum (parvovirus B19), Varicella and hand-foot-mouth disease (coxsackievirus), Scarlet fever, GAS pharyngitis, and acute rheumatic fever, Pertussis (whooping cough), Fever without a source, occult bacteremia, and the febrile-infant workup, Cervical lymphadenitis, Skin infections: impetigo, cellulitis, staph scalded skin syndrome, Infectious mononucleosis (EBV) and mumps, Latent TB screening.

Respiratory & ENT Foreign-body aspiration, Allergic rhinitis and sinusitis, Mastoiditis, Peritonsillar and retropharyngeal abscess, Obstructive sleep apnea and adenotonsillar hypertrophy, Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, Pertussis, Newborn stridor: laryngomalacia and choanal atresia, Apnea and BRUE.

Cardiology Tetralogy of Fallot and tet spells, Ductal-dependent lesions, hyperoxia test, and prostaglandin E1, Acute rheumatic fever and Jones criteria, Supraventricular tachycardia, Myocarditis, Eisenmenger syndrome, Infant heart failure and endocarditis prophylaxis.

Gastroenterology & Nutrition Malrotation with midgut volvulus, Hirschsprung disease, Duodenal atresia (double bubble) and intestinal atresias, Necrotizing enterocolitis, Acute gastroenteritis, dehydration assessment, and oral rehydration, Functional vs organic constipation, Celiac disease, Meckel diverticulum, Cow's-milk protein allergy and lactose intolerance, Nutritional rickets and scurvy, Breastfeeding vs formula counseling, Caustic and foreign-body ingestion.

Genetics & Inborn Errors of Metabolism Down syndrome (trisomy 21) and associated anomalies, Trisomy 18 (Edwards) and trisomy 13 (Patau), Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Marfan syndrome, Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes, Williams syndrome and 22q11 deletion (DiGeorge) features.

Endocrine & Growth Precocious puberty workup, Growth-hormone deficiency and endocrine short stature, Congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism) and screening.

Hematology & Oncology Sickle cell crises: vaso-occlusive, sequestration, acute chest, aplastic, Physiologic anemia of infancy, Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma), Retinoblastoma, Bone and soft-tissue sarcomas (osteosarcoma, Ewing, rhabdomyosarcoma), Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Pediatric Brain Tumors & Hydrocephalus Obstructive vs communicating hydrocephalus and VP shunt complications, Macrocephaly and increased intracranial pressure in infants.

Seizures, Neurocutaneous & MSK Febrile seizures: simple vs complex, Infantile spasms (West syndrome) and Lennox-Gastaut, Cerebral palsy, Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy; spinal muscular atrophy, Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), Osgood-Schlatter and nursemaid's elbow, Septic arthritis vs transient synovitis; osteomyelitis, Juvenile idiopathic arthritis, Genu varum / valgum, in-toeing, and clubfoot.

Renal, GU & Fluids/Electrolytes Vesicoureteral reflux and VCUG workup, Posterior urethral valves, Hypospadias and epispadias, Cryptorchidism (undescended testis), Testicular torsion vs epididymitis, Hydrocele and inguinal hernia, Nocturnal enuresis, Maintenance and deficit fluid management (Holliday-Segar).

Emergencies, Injury & Toxicology Pediatric BLS / PALS and recognition of shock, Child physical abuse: pathognomonic fractures, retinal hemorrhages, abusive head trauma, Child sexual abuse and neglect; mandatory reporting, Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and safe-sleep counseling, BRUE (brief resolved unexplained event), Dehydration and hypovolemic shock, Specific poisonings: acetaminophen, iron, salicylates, hydrocarbons, caustics, Button-battery and magnet ingestion; organophosphate toxidrome, Foreign-body aspiration and ingestion, Burns and burn fluid resuscitation, Drowning and submersion injury, Status epilepticus management, Head trauma and increased intracranial pressure.