Title: Big Ol' Bonewizardry Deck / Hex Clues / Repro
Tags: hex-clues hex-clues::repro

Q: What is Hirsutism?
A: PCOS MCC 🎯
androgens going rogue in females 💪♂️
male-pattern terminal hair 📡

Q: What is HPV?
A: non-enveloped dsDNA 🧬🔬
koilocytes 🎯
types 16/18 → cervical cancer 🎗️💀
Pap smear catches it 🧫

Q: What is Herpes?
A: HSV 🎯
enveloped dsDNA 🧬🔬
multinucleated giant cells 🛡️🧬
Cowdry A inclusions 🎯
latent in DRG 😴

Q: Who makes the Trophoblast?
A: outer cell mass → placenta 🎯
baby builds its own home 🏠

Q: What is Vernix?
A: Vernix Caseosa 🎯
waxy sebum coating fetal skin 🤚🟡
amniotic fluid barrier 🎯
nature's moisturizer 🛡️

Q: What causes Chancroid?
A: Haemophilus ducreyi 📡🔬
painful genital ulcer 😖💥
'do cry' = Ducreyi 💧

Q: What is Eclampsia?
A: preeclampsia + seizures ⚡🧠
Mg sulfate + delivery 🎯
most dangerous evolution 🚨

Q: What is Meconium?
A: first neonatal stool 🎯
green + sterile 🎯
in utero passage = fetal distress ⚠️

Q: What is Lochia?
A: postpartum endometrial discharge 🌸🤰
rubra → serosa → alba over 4-6 wk 🎯
uterus spring cleaning 🧹

Q: What cancer has AFP?
A: Yolk Sac Tumor 🎗️💀
↑AFP 🎯
Schiller-Duval bodies 🎯
also elevated in HCC + NTDs 🌿

Q: What causes Congenital blindness?
A: CMV 🎯
#1 congenital infection 🦠🌡️
chorioretinitis → blindness 🎯
also rubella + toxo 🎯
TORCH 🔦

Q: What is Hidradenoma?
A: benign apocrine sweat gland tumor 🎗️💀
vulvar cyst 🎯
painless bump 🫧

Q: What is the Pool Test?
A: pool of fluid in posterior fornix 🎯
confirms ROM 🎯
speculum exam trick 🔍

Q: What is Oligomenorrhea?
A: cycles >35 days 🎯
PCOS MCC 🎯
thyroid + hyperprolactinemia also 🎯
too few periods 📉

Q: What is Polymenorrhea?
A: cycles
anovulation 🎯
luteal phase defect 🎯
too many periods 📈

Q: What is Mittelschmerz?
A: mid-cycle unilateral pelvic pain 😖💥
follicular rupture at ovulation 🎯
German for 'middle pain' 🎯

Q: How do you treat A1 Gestational DM?
A: GDM Class A1 🎯
diet + exercise 🎯
fasting
lifestyle first 🥑

Q: What causes Neonatal blindness?
A: Chlamydia Trachomatis 🎯
neonatal inclusion conjunctivitis at 5-14 days 🎯
MCC neonatal blindness 👶

Q: What causes Epididymitis?
A: young: Chlamydia/Gonorrhea 🎯
older: E. coli 🦠💩
age predicts organism 📅

Q: What causes Gonorrhea?
A: Neisseria gonorrhoeae 🎯
Gram-neg diplococcus 🦠🟢
ceftriaxone + azithro 💊🦠
intracellular coffee bean diplococci ☕

Q: What is an Apt test?
A: HbF resists alkali denaturation 🎯
distinguishes fetal vs maternal blood 🤰👶
KOH trick 🧪

Q: How do you treat A2 Gestational DM?
A: GDM Class A2 🎯
insulin preferred 🎯
or glyburide/metformin 🎯
medication needed 💊

Q: What cancer has β-HCG?
A: Choriocarcinoma / Mole / Seminoma 🎗️💀
↑β-HCG 🤰🧪
syncytiotrophoblast origin 🎯
watch the trophoblasts 📡

Q: What is a Male Hermaphrodite?
A: XY + absent MIF 🎯
both internal genitalia retained 🎯
Müllerian ducts persisted 🌸

Q: What is Menorrhagia?
A: >80 mL or >7 days 🎯
fibroids
vWD 🎯
heavy prolonged menses 🚨

Q: What is Intraductal papilloma?
A: benign 🎯
unilateral bloody nipple discharge 🎯
NOT increased CA risk 💚

Q: What is Ferning?
A: estrogen crystallizes on slide → fern pattern 🌸♀️
confirms ROM or ovulation 🎯
nature's art 🎨

Q: What is variable deceleration?
A: abrupt FHR drops 🎯
umbilical cord compression 🎯
variable = variable cause ⚡

Q: What is postpartum depression?
A: MDE >2 wks postpartum 🎯
SSRIs + therapy 🎯
not baby blues 🎯
treat it 💊

Q: Where does DHT come from?
A: testosterone → 5α-reductase in genital skin/prostate 🤚🟡
virilization finisher 🔨

Q: What is the treatment for Preeclampsia?
A: delivery (definitive) 🎯
Mg sulfate for seizure prophylaxis if severe ⚡🧠
baby gets born 👶

Q: What makes progesterone >10wk gestation?
A: Placenta 🎯
takes over progesterone from corpus luteum at 8-10 wk 🌸🤰
luteoplacental shift 🔄

Q: What is Virilization?
A: masculinization of female 🎯
clitoromegaly + deep voice 🎯
CAH or androgen tumor 📡

Q: What causes Granuloma Inguinale?
A: Klebsiella granulomatis 🎯
painless beefy-red ulcer 🎯
Donovan bodies 🦠

Q: What is Chlamydia?
A: obligate intracellular 🎯
elementary body (infectious) 📡🔬
reticulate body (replicates) 🎯
sneaky bug 🕵️

Q: What does an AFI >20 indicate?
A: Polyhydramnios 🎯
AFI >20 🎯
maternal DM + fetal anomalies 🤰👶
TEF or anencephaly 🎯
too much fluid 🌊

Q: What is Kleine regnung?
A: scant midcycle spotting 🎯
normal at ovulation 🎯
tiny physiologic bleed 🩸

Q: What is Nitrazine?
A: Nitrazine Test 🎯
pH paper turns blue with amniotic fluid 🎯
alkaline → confirms ROM 🎯
blue = broke 💧

Q: When can you first detect fetal heart tones?
A: week 6 by transvaginal US 📡🔬
Doppler by 10-12 wk 🎯
earliest heartbeat detection ❤️

Q: When can you tell the sex of a fetus by US?
A: Fetal Sex by US 🤰👶
week 16-20 🎯
cell-free DNA earlier 🧬🔬
anatomy scan timing 🗓️

Q: What is Shoulder Dystocia?
A: turtle sign 🎯
anterior shoulder on pubic symphysis 🎯
risk in maternal DM 🎯
McRoberts now 🚨

Q: How much weight should a pregnant woman gain?
A: Pregnancy Weight Gain 🤰👶
~25-35 lb total 🎯
1 lb/wk in 2nd-3rd trimester 🎯
all for baby 👶

Q: What is Vasa Previa?
A: fetal vessels cross internal os 🤰👶
painless bleeding + fetal distress on ROM 🩸💧
fatal if missed 💀

Q: What is Endometritis?
A: postpartum 🎯
fever + tender fundus + foul lochia 🌡️🔥
uterine infection 🔥

Q: What causes Syphilis?
A: Treponema pallidum 🎯
spirochete 🎯
penicillin G 💊🦠
painless chancre → systemic stages 🌍

Q: What is decreased beat-to- beat variability?
A: fetal acidemia/hypoxia 🤰👶
also sleep + narcotics 🎯
non-reassuring pattern ⚠️

Q: What is the risk of amniocentesis?
A: ~0.1-0.3% pregnancy loss 🤰👶
done at 15-20 wk 🎯
genetic gold 🧬🔬
handle with care 🧬

Q: What makes progesterone <10wk gestation?
A: Corpus Luteum 📡🔬
makes progesterone
maintained by β-hCG 🤰🧪
'yellow body' of early pregnancy 💛

Q: What pelvis types will need C/S?
A: Platypelloid + Android Pelvis 🎯
narrow AP or funnel outlet 🎯
C/S required 🎯
pelvis police 🚔

Q: What is Savage's syndrome?
A: ovarian resistance to FSH/LH 🥚🌸
premature ovarian failure pattern 🥚🌸
receptors on strike 📡

Q: What is Ductal carcinoma?
A: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma 🎗️💀
MCC invasive breast CA 🎗️🌸
stellate
gritty 🎯
most common hostile 🌟

Q: What is Asherman's syndrome?
A: intrauterine adhesions post-D&C 🌸🤰
secondary amenorrhea + infertility 🎯
uterine scar tissue 🧱

Q: How do you monitor baby's HR?
A: Fetal HR Monitoring 🤰👶
external Doppler or fetal scalp electrode (FSE) 🤰👶
direct scalp = gold standard 🎯

Q: When does implantation occur?
A: ~6-7 days after fertilization 🎯
week 1 post-fertilization 🎯
embryo finds its home 🏠

Q: What is maternity blues?
A: mild mood lability first 2 wk 🎯
self-limited
no treatment 🎯
normal postpartum rollercoaster 🎢

Q: When is β-HCG found in urine?
A: ~2 weeks after fertilization 🎯
4 wk gestational age 🤰👶
pee stick works here 🧪

Q: What is Kallman's syndrome?
A: Kallmann's Syndrome 🎯
defective GnRH neuron migration 🧠⚡
low GnRH + anosmia ⬇️📉
can't smell → no sex hormones 👃

Q: What is Placenta Increta?
A: invades INTO myometrium 🎯
mid-depth of accreta spectrum 🎯
deeper than accreta ⬇️

Q: What is normal blood loss during a vaginal delivery?
A: ≤500 mL vaginal 🎯
≤1000 mL C-section 🎯
above this = PPH 🚨

Q: How fast should fundal height change?
A: ~1 cm/wk after 20 wk 🎯
cm ≈ weeks gestation 🤰👶
belly ruler rule 📐

Q: What causes Lymphogranuloma Venereum?
A: LGV 🎯
Chlamydia trachomatis L1-L3 🎯
tender buboes 🎯
elephantiasis if chronic 🐘

Q: What is early deceleration?
A: FHR mirrors contraction 🎯
fetal head compression 🤰👶
benign 🎯
head squeeze 📚

Q: Who makes the Syncytiotrophoblast?
A: outer trophoblast 🎯
makes hCG
HPL
estrogen
progesterone 🌸♀️
hormone factory 🏭

Q: What is Preeclampsia?
A: new HTN ≥140/90 + proteinuria after 20 wk 🎯
placental ischemia + anti-angiogenic factors 🎯
HELLP risk 🚨

Q: What is the Capacitation reaction?
A: sperm membrane changes in female tract 🎯
Zn removed 🎯
sperm gets battle-ready ⚔️

Q: What is a Complete breech?
A: butt down 🎯
hips + knees flexed 🎯
cannonball position 💣

Q: What is increased beat-to- beat variability?
A: early fetal hypoxemia (compensatory) or stimulation ⚡🔓
fighting hard 💪

Q: What is Metrorrhagia?
A: intermenstrual bleeding 🩸💧
polyps
endometrial CA 🌸🤰
spotting outside schedule 📆

Q: What is a Uterus Rupture?
A: Uterine Rupture 🌸🤰
tearing sensation + fetal bradycardia 🤰👶
VBAC risk 🎯
emergent C/S 🚨

Q: What is a septic abortion?
A: pregnancy loss + intrauterine infection 🦠🌡️
fever + foul discharge 🌡️🔥
D&C + abx 🚨

Q: Who makes the Cytotrophoblast?
A: inner trophoblast layer 🎯
makes GnRH
CRH
TRH
inhibin 🎯
inner hormone chef 🧑‍🍳

Q: Where does Testosterone come from?
A: Testosterone Source 💪♂️
Leydig cells 95% 🎯
adrenal zona reticularis (DHEA→T) 🫘💧
testes dominate 🥇

Q: What is the function of Oxytocin?
A: milk ejection + uterine contraction 🌸🤰
love hormone + labor hormone 🎯
2-for-1 💕

Q: What is a Face presentation?
A: mentum (chin) presenting 🎯
mentum anterior = vaginal OK 🎯
mentum posterior → C/S 🎯
face the music 🎵

Q: What is Condyloma Lata?
A: secondary syphilis 🎯
flat fleshy moist plaques 🎯
highly infectious 📡🔬
vs accuminata 🌿

Q: What are the side effects of progesterone?
A: Progesterone Side FX 🌸🤰
acne
depression
HTN
↑appetite
breast tenderness 🎗️🌸
the moody hormone 😒

Q: What is Lichen sclerosis?
A: thin white vulvar atrophy 🎯
postmenopausal + intense itching 🎯
↑SCC risk 🎯
scratch trap ⚠️

Q: What is a Transverse Lie?
A: fetus horizontal 🤰👶
requires C/S or version 🎯
sideways baby 🤷

Q: What is the function of Inhibin?
A: Sertoli/granulosa → inhibits FSH selectively 🔒🚫
FSH mute button 🔇

Q: What does an AFI <5 indicate?
A: Oligohydramnios 🎯
AFI
ROM
renal agenesis
IUGR
post-term 🫘💧
desert uterus 🏜️

Q: What is Chronic Pelvic Pain?
A: Endometriosis 🌸🤰
chronic pelvic pain until proven otherwise 😖💥
cyclic
dyspareunia
infertility 🎯
'chocolate cyst' 🍫

Q: What is Placenta Percreta?
A: perforates THROUGH myometrium 🎯
deepest accreta 🎯
may invade bladder 🎯
worst one 🆘

Q: What is Placenta Accreta?
A: attaches to superficial myometrium (no decidua) 🎯
PPH risk 🎯
won't let go 🔒

Q: What is the function of AFP?
A: fetal albumin equivalent 🤰👶
regulates intravascular oncotic pressure 🎯
fetal's own albumin 🔬

Q: What is the risk of chorionic villus sampling?
A: CVS Risk 🎯
fetal limb defects if
pregnancy loss 🤰👶
10 wk minimum ⏳

Q: What is Epididymitis?
A: Prehn sign positive (elevation relieves pain) 😖💥
unilateral scrotal pain 😖💥
vs torsion: +Prehn = epi 🔄

Q: How do you monitor uterus?
A: Uterine Monitoring 🌸🤰
external tocodynamometer or IUPC 🎯
IUPC measures actual pressure 📏

Q: What is Pseudocyesis?
A: false pregnancy 🤰👶
somatic signs without conception 🎯
psychiatric 🎯
mind over womb 🧠

Q: What is Meig's syndrome?
A: ovarian fibroma + ascites + right pleural effusion 🥚🌸
resolves with tumor removal 🎗️💀
triad 🎯

Q: What is a Sister Mary Joseph Nodule?
A: palpable umbilical mass 🎯
metastatic intra-abdominal CA 🎯
gastric/ovarian/pancreatic 🎗️

Q: What ovarian tumor is associated with struma ovarii?
A: mature cystic teratoma with functioning thyroid tissue 🎯
hyperthyroidism from ovary 🦋

Q: What is Wright's stain?
A: Wright's Stain / Kleihauer-Betke 🧪🔬
detects fetal RBCs in maternal blood 🩸🔴
guides RhoGAM dosing 💉

Q: What is a Female Hermaphrodite?
A: DSD / Female Pseudohermaphrodite 🎯
classical term deprecated 🎯
default phenotype is female 🎯
now: DSD 🔬

Q: What is Sarcoma Botryoides?
A: embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of vagina 🎯 grape cluster shape 🎯 desmin+ 🎯 girls <4 yr 👧

Q: What is Turner's syndrome (XO)?
A: streak ovaries → ↑FSH/LH ↓estrogen 🥚🌸
webbed neck
coarctation
short stature 🧬

Q: What is postpartum psychosis?
A: hallucinations + delusions + infanticidal ideation 🎯
psychiatric emergency 🎯
hospitalize now 🏥

Q: What are fraternal twins?
A: Fraternal (Dizygotic) Twins 🎯
2 eggs + 2 sperm 🎯
always dichorionic/diamniotic 🎯
separate everything 🏠

Q: What is a missed abortion?
A: demise
cervix closed 🎯
products retained 🎯
D&C or misoprostol 🔧

Q: What is a Compound presentation?
A: extremity alongside head 🎯
often vaginal delivery possible 🎯
hand-waving baby 👋

Q: What is a Double Footling breech?
A: both feet through cervix 🎯
requires C/S 🎯
feet first = operating room 🏥

Q: What pelvis types are better for vaginal delivery?
A: Best Pelvis for Vaginal Delivery 🎯
Gynecoid (ideal) 🎯
Anthropoid (OK too) 🎯
round = go 🟢

Q: What are identical twins?
A: Identical (Monozygotic) Twins 🎯
one egg splits 🎯
chorionicity depends on timing (di/di → mono/mono) 🎯
timing rules 🕐

Q: How does Chlamydia present?
A: mucopurulent cervicitis
urethritis
conjunctivitis
PID 🎯
often asymptomatic 😶

Q: What form of estrogen is highest at menopause?
A: E1 (Estrone) 🎯
dominant at menopause 🎯
peripheral aromatization of androstenedione in fat 🎯
fat makes estrogen 🧈

Q: What is Placenta Abruptio?
A: Placental Abruption 🎯
premature placental separation 🎯
painful bleeding + rigid uterus 😖💥
cocaine/HTN/trauma triggers 🤕

Q: What is a threatened abortion?
A: bleeding
pelvic rest 🎯
cervix closed = hope 🟢

Q: What is a Comedocarcinoma?
A: DCIS subtype 🎯
central necrosis 'blackheads' 🎯
high-grade ducts ⬆️📈
plugged and necrotic 🕳️

Q: What is a Frank breech?
A: butt down 🎯
hips flexed 🎯
knees extended 🎯
pike position 🤸

Q: Why is Nägele's Rule inaccurate?
A: Nägele Inaccuracy 🎯
assumes ovulation day 14 🎯
inaccurate with irregular cycles 🎯
calendar lies 📆

Q: What is a complete abortion?
A: all products expelled 🎯
cervix closed 🎯
β-hCG declining 🤰🧪
no intervention needed 🎯

Q: What is Lobular carcinoma?
A: Invasive Lobular Carcinoma 🎗️💀
E-cadherin loss → single file cells 🎯
bilateral + multifocal 🎯
sneaky pattern 🕵️

Q: What is the Acrosomal reaction?
A: hyaluronidase + acrosin released 🎯
penetrates zona pellucida 🎯
sperm's secret weapon ⚔️

Q: What is the treatment for eclampsia?
A: IV Mg sulfate 4-6 g load 🎯
+ delivery 🎯
magnesium stops seizures + baby comes out 👶

Q: What are Braxton-Hicks contractions?
A: irregular painless contractions 🎯
cervix closed 🎯
false labor 🎯
practice contractions 🎭

Q: What form of estrogen is highest at pregnancy?
A: E3 (Estriol) 🎯
dominant in pregnancy 🤰👶
placenta from fetal DHEA-S 🤰👶
fetal contribution to estrogen 🧬

Q: What are the side effects of estrogen?
A: Estrogen Side FX 🌸♀️
weight gain
breast tenderness
nausea
thromboembolism
melasma 🩸🚧
clotting risk ⚠️

Q: What stage of the menstrual cycle has the highest temperature?
A: Luteal Phase 🎯
highest basal body temp ⬆️📈
progesterone raises BBT ~0.5°F 🌸🤰
post-ovulation warmth 🔥

Q: What is a Female Pseudohermaphrodite?
A: XX + ovaries + virilized externals 🥚🌸
CAH 21-OHase deficiency → high androgens 🔬

Q: What is the most common cause of post- coital vaginal bleeding?
A: cervical pathology MCC 🎯
cervicitis
polyp
cervical cancer 🎗️💀
Pap check needed 🎗️

Q: What does the Seminal Vesicle give to sperm?
A: fructose + alkaline + prostaglandins 🎯
60% of semen volume 🎯
sperm's energy pack 🔋

Q: What is a Male Pseudohermaphrodite?
A: XY + testes + undervirilized externals 🥚♂️
androgen insensitivity or 5α-reductase def 🔇

Q: What is the most common cause of 1st trimester maternal death?
A: Ruptured Ectopic 🎯
MCC 1st trimester maternal death 🎯
hemorrhage 🩸💧
ampullary tube most common 🔬

Q: What is Cryptorchidism?
A: undescended testis 🥚♂️
infertility + 4× seminoma risk 🎯
orchiopexy by 1 yr ⏱️

Q: What is Condyloma Accuminata?
A: HPV 6/11 🎯
'cauliflower' genital warts 🎯
koilocytes on histo 🎯
low-risk types 💚

Q: What is a Sinciput presentation?
A: anterior fontanel (diamond) first 🎯
usually converts to vertex 🎯
diamond redirects 🔄

Q: What is Paget's disease of the breast?
A: eczematous nipple rash 🔴💢
underlying ductal carcinoma 🎗️💀
Paget cells in epidermis 🔍

Q: What is a Pseudohermaphrodite?
A: externals don't match genetic/gonadal sex 🧬🔬
now classified as DSD 🎯
anatomy vs genetics 🔬

Q: What is an incomplete molar pregnancy?
A: triploid 69,XXY 🎯
2 sperm + 1 egg 🎯
partial fetal parts 🤰👶
lower hCG + low malignancy risk 📊

Q: What is Lichen simplex chronicus?
A: chronic scratching → thickened leathery plaque 🎯
itch-scratch cycle 🔄

Q: What is Velamentous Cord Insertion?
A: vessels in membranes not placenta 🎯
vasa previa risk 🎯
unprotected vessels 🎯

Q: What does the Prostate secrete?
A: Prostate Secretion ♂️🫛
HAZ it: Hyaluronidase
Acid phosphatase
Zinc
PSA
citric acid 🎯
alkaline secretion ⚗️

Q: What is a True Hermaphrodite?
A: True Hermaphrodite / Ovotesticular DSD 🥚♂️
both ovarian + testicular tissue 🥚🌸
very rare 🎯
gonadal mosaic 🔬

Q: How do you predict a due date with Nägele's Rule?
A: LMP + 9 months + 7 days 🎯
or LMP − 3 months + 7 days 🎯
quick EDD calc 🧮

Q: What are the symptoms of eclampsia?
A: headache
visual changes
epigastric/RUQ pain
hyperreflexia → seizures 😖💥
HELLP overlap 🚨

Q: What ovarian tumor is associated with masculinization?
A: Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor 🎗️💀
testosterone secretion → virilization 💪♂️
ovary acting like a testis 🧬

Q: What is Dysmenorrhea?
A: painful menses 😖💥
excess PGF2α ⬆️💥
primary (no pathology) vs secondary (endometriosis
fibroids) 💊

Q: How does Granuloma Inguinale present?
A: Granuloma Inguinale Presentation 🎯
painless beefy-red spreading ulcer 🎯
Donovan bodies on Giemsa 🎯
no adenopathy 🔍

Q: What states have increased estrogen?
A: High Estrogen States 🌸♀️
pregnancy
liver failure
P450 inhibitors
obesity 🟫🫀
aromatization in fat 🧈

Q: What form of estrogen is highest in middle-age females?
A: E2 (Estradiol) 🎯
dominant in middle-age females 🎯
ovarian granulosa cells 🥚🌸
most potent estrogen 💪

Q: Why do pregnant women get anemia?
A: Physiologic Anemia of Pregnancy 🤰👶
plasma ↑50% vs RBC ↑30% → dilutional 🩸🔴
hemodilution trick 🌊

Q: Can you try vaginal delivery on a woman who has had a Low Transverse C/S previously?
A: TOLAC/VBAC 🎯
OK after low transverse C/S ⬇️📉
~0.5% rupture risk 🎯
not a forever C/S sentence ✅

Q: What is a complete molar pregnancy?
A: 46,XX (all paternal) 🎯
empty egg + sperm 🎯
snowstorm US
high hCG 🤰🧪
choriocarcinoma risk 🎗️

Q: What is a Vertex presentation?
A: occiput (posterior fontanel triangle) first 🎯
normal cephalic 🎯
OA position ideal 🏆

Q: What is Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding?
A: DUB / AUB-O 🎯
anovulation → abnormal bleeding 🩸💧
diagnosis of exclusion 🎯
now called AUB-O 📋

Q: What do the Bulbourethral = Cowper's glands secrete?
A: alkaline mucus (bicarb) → neutralizes acidic urethra/vagina 📡🔬
pre-ejaculation cleanup 🧹

Q: What is a Footling breech?
A: one foot through cervix 🎯
hip flexed + knee extended 🎯
requires C/S 🏥

Q: How does Chancroid present?
A: Chancroid Presentation 🎯
painful necrotic genital ulcer 😖💥
tender suppurative LAD 🎯
school of fish on Gram stain 🐟

Q: What is Sheehan syndrome?
A: Sheehan's Syndrome 🎯
postpartum pituitary infarct from hemorrhage 🩸💧
fails to lactate + amenorrhea + hypopituitarism 💔

Q: What is Cystosarcoma phyllodes?
A: leaf-like fibroepithelial tumor 🎗️💀
large + rubbery + mobile 🎯
usually benign 🍃

Q: What is the most common cause of vaginal bleeding in postmenopausal women?
A: endometrial atrophy MCC 🌸🤰
must r/o endometrial cancer with biopsy 🎗️💀
always investigate 🔍

Q: What is Adenomyosis?
A: endometrial glands in myometrium → enlarged boggy uterus 🌸🤰
menorrhagia + dysmenorrhea 🔥

Q: How fast should β-HCG rise?
A: β-HCG Doubling 🤰🧪
doubles every 48-72 hr until ~10 wk 🎯
flat or falling = ectopic/miscarriage 🎯
must double 📊

Q: What is the most common cause of 1st trimester spontaneous abortions?
A: 1st Trimester SAB Cause 🎯
chromosomal abnormalities 50%+ 🧬🔬
mostly autosomal trisomy 🎯
nature's quality control 🔬

Q: What is late deceleration?
A: FHR nadir AFTER contraction peak 🎯
uteroplacental insufficiency 🎯
ominous 📡🔬
intervene 🚨

Q: What is Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome?
A: OHSS 🎯
post-clomiphene/IVF 🎯
third-spacing
ascites
hemoconcentration 🎯
ovaries blown up 💥

Q: How do you correct Nägele's Rule for cycles >28 days?
A: Nägele Correction 🎯
add (cycle length − 28) days to EDD 🎯
adjusts for late ovulation 🎯
customize due date 🗓️

Q: What is the most common cause of post- coital vaginal bleeding in pregnant women?
A: Placenta Previa 🎯
MCC post-coital bleed in pregnancy 🩸💧
painless 3rd-trimester bleeding 🩸💧
NO digital exam 🚫

Q: What is the function of Cortisol in pregnancy?
A: immunosuppression prevents rejection 🎯
fetal lung maturation (surfactant) 🫁💨
keeps baby safe 👶

Q: What is Inflammatory carcinoma?
A: Inflammatory Breast CA 🔥🩹
dermal lymphatic invasion → peau d'orange 🤚🟡
erythema + warmth 🎯
very aggressive 🚨

Q: How does Lymphogranuloma Venereum present?
A: LGV Presentation 🎯
painless ulcer → tender buboes → genital elephantiasis 🎯
chronic lymphedema end-stage 🌊

Q: What is Testicular Feminization = Androgen Insensitivity
A: Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome 💪♂️
XY + defective AR → female phenotype 🎯
blind vagina + no uterus 🌸🤰
testes intra-abdominal 🏖️

Q: Which Antibiotics are safe to use in pregnancy?
A: Safe Abx in Pregnancy 🤰👶
Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Macrolides 💊🦠
avoid Nitrofurantoin near term 🎯
SAFE 🟢

Q: What is an inevitable abortion?
A: bleeding + cervix OPEN 🩸💧
no expulsion yet 🎯
D&C or misoprostol 🔧

Q: What is an incomplete abortion?
A: cervix open + partial expulsion 🎯
retained products → infection risk 🦠🌡️
D&C 🔧

Q: What is the Crystallization reaction?
A: Cortical Reaction 🎯
Zn release hardens zona pellucida after fertilization 🎯
polyspermy block 🔒🚫
one sperm only 🔒

Q: What is Stage III of labor?
A: delivery of placenta 🎯
PGF-mediated → gush of blood + cord lengthens + fundus firms 🫀

Q: What is Placenta Previa?
A: placenta covers internal os 🎯
painless 3rd-trimester bleeding 🩸💧
NO digital exam 🎯
C/S 🏥

Q: What are the thyroid hormone levels during pregnancy?
A: Thyroid in Pregnancy 🤰👶
↑TBG → ↑total T4 🎯
normal free T4 🎯
low-normal TSH (hCG stimulates TSHr) ⚡🔓
labs look funny 🎭

Q: How does Gonorrhea present?
A: Gonorrhea Presentation 🎯
purulent cervicitis/urethritis 🎯
disseminated: palmar pustules
migratory polyarthritis
tenosynovitis 🎯
DGI 🤕

Q: What is a Kleihauer-Betke test?
A: quantifies fetal RBCs in maternal blood 🩸🔴
guides RhoGAM dosing after trauma 🎯
Rh check 💉

Q: What stage of the menstrual cycle has the highest progesterone levels?
A: Luteal Phase 🎯
highest progesterone 🌸🤰
secretory endometrium peaks day 21 🌸🤰
post-ovulation nest-building 🏠

Q: What ovarian tumor is associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei?
A: Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma 🎗️💀
pseudomyxoma peritonei 🎯
gelatinous peritoneal mucin 📡🔬
jelly belly 🍯

Q: What is the function of Estrogen?
A: endometrial proliferation + smooth muscle relaxant 🌸🤰
↑clotting proteins 🩸🚧
varicose veins + constipation 😬

Q: What is the function of Progesterone?
A: maintains pregnancy 🤰👶
↑appetite + acne 🎯
quiescent uterus 🌸🤰
dilutional anemia + hypotension 😌

Q: When should intercourse be avoided during pregnancy?
A: Avoid Intercourse 🎯
3rd trimester with placenta previa/preterm risk 🎯
semen PGF can trigger contractions 🚫

Q: Which stage of the menstrual cycle has the highest estrogen levels?
A: Late Follicular Phase 🎯
highest estrogen 🌸♀️
proliferative endometrium 🌸🤰
surge triggers LH ovulation peak 🚀

Q: What are the symptoms of Amniotic Fluid Emboli?
A: Amniotic Fluid Embolism 🩸🚧
acute peripartum dyspnea + DIC + hypotension 🫁😤
amniotic debris → pulmonary obstruction 🫁💨
rare + fatal 💀

Q: What is the function of HPL?
A: HPL / hCS 🎯
anti-insulin → ↑maternal lipolysis 🎯
shunts glucose to fetus 🤰👶
baby steals glucose 🍬

Q: What is the function of β-HCG?
A: maintains corpus luteum until 10 wk 📡🔬
sensitizes TSHr → mild hyperthyroid 🎯
early pregnancy sustainer 🌱

Q: What is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome?
A: PCOS 🎯
anovulation + hyperandrogenism + cysts 💪♂️
insulin resistance + ↑endometrial CA risk 🌸🤰
acanthosis nigricans 🩸

Q: What is Endometriosis?
A: ectopic endometrial tissue 🌸🤰
chocolate cyst
powder-burn lesions 🎯
cyclic pain + dyspareunia 🔥

Q: Can you try vaginal delivery on a woman who has had a Classic Horizontal C/S previously?
A: Classic C/S = No VBAC 🎯
vertical incision → high rupture risk ⬆️📈
mandatory repeat C/S forever 🔒

Q: What is Chorioamnionitis?
A: intraamniotic infection 🦠🌡️
maternal fever + uterine tenderness + fetal tachycardia 🌡️🔥
deliver + abx 🚨

Q: What is McCune-Albright?
A: precocious puberty + polyostotic fibrous dysplasia + Coast-of-Maine cafe-au-lait 📡🔬
GNAS mutation 🧬

Q: What are the most common causes of 3rd trimester spontaneous abortions?
A: 3rd Trimester SAB Causes 🎯
antiphospholipid Ab
placental insufficiency
infection
incompetent cervix 🛡️🎯
structural > chromosomal 🔬

Q: What is a biophysical profile?
A: 5 components 🎯
NST + tone + breathing + movement + AFI 🎯
2 pts each 🎯
max 10 🎯
fetal wellness 🩺