Title: Big Ol' Bonewizardry Deck / Hex Clues / Cardio
Tags: hex-clues hex-clues::cardio

Q: What is normal CO?
A: Cardiac Output 💓
SV × HR 📊
5 L/min normal 🚰

Q: Peaked wide T waves
A: Hyperkalemia ⚡
↑K+ peaked T 🧂
sine wave = code ☠️

Q: How do you calculate CO?
A: CO = SV × HR 💓
stroke × beats 🧮
simple as that 🎯

Q: Flat or inverted T waves
A: Hypokalemia ⚡
↓K+ 🧂
U waves + ST depression 🌊

Q: What sound radiates to the neck?
A: Aortic stenosis/regurg 🩺
crescendo-decrescendo systolic 👔
neck tie murmur 🎀

Q: How do you calculate SV?
A: SV = EDV − ESV 💓
full minus empty 🧮
what gets squeezed out 💪

Q: Right Coronary infarct clues
A: RCA / Inferior MI 💔
II, III, aVF ➡️
AV block + bradycardia 🐢

Q: What sound radiates to the axilla?
A: Mitral regurg 🩺
holosystolic blowing 💨
armpit-bound 💪

Q: How do you calculate CPP?
A: CPP = MAP − ICP 🧠
brain perfusion 💧
pressure in minus pressure out 🚪

Q: 6 Anterior ecg leads
A: Precordial V1-V6 📈
chest leads ❤️
front of the heart 🎯

Q: What are the continuous murmurs?
A: PDA 🩺
machine-like 🚂
AV malformations 🌀

Q: When do valves make noise?
A: Valve closure 🩺
S1 = AV close 🔇
S2 = semilunar close 🚪

Q: What disease has a banana- shaped x-ray?
A: HOCM / IHSS 🍌
asymmetric septal hypertrophy 💪
young athlete drops dead ⚰️

Q: What vessel has the highest compliance?
A: Veins 🎈
big stretchy reservoirs 🩸
aorta wins for arteries 💪

Q: What are the systolic ejection murmurs?
A: AS / PS 🩺
crescendo-decrescendo 🚀
diamond-shaped blast 💎

Q: What does fixed wide S2 splitting tell you?
A: ASD 🩺
equal both sides 🕳️
no respiratory variation 🔒

Q: What are the diastolic blowing murmurs?
A: AR / PR 🩺
early decrescendo 💨
leaky exit doors 🚪

Q: What does an opening snap tell you?
A: Mitral/Tricuspid stenosis 🩺
snap then rumble 👏
stiff valve pops open 🥁

Q: What murmur has a regularly irregular pulse?
A: PVCs ⚡
ectopic ventricular beats 🥁
pattern you can predict 🎵

Q: What are the diastolic rumbling murmurs?
A: MS / TS 🩺
low-pitch mid-late diastolic 🌋
rumble in the basement 🥁

Q: What is your max heart rate?
A: 220 − age 💓🏃
aging beats you down 📉

Q: What are the holosystolic murmurs?
A: TR / MR / VSD 🩺
whole systole 💨
leaky walls + valves 🕳️

Q: What is cor pulmonale?
A: pulm HTN → RV failure 🏔️💔
lungs strangle the right heart 🫁

Q: What has a friction rub while breathing?
A: Pleuritis 🫁
rub gone with breath-hold 🎻
lung lining grinding 🔊

Q: What organ has the lowest A-VO2 difference?
A: Kidney 🫘
huge flow, tiny extraction 💧
filters, not consumes 🚰

Q: What does an ejection click tell you?
A: AS / PS 🩺
early systole after S1 👆
stiff valve cracks open 🎯

Q: What vessels have the most smooth muscle?
A: Arterioles 💪
BP resistance vessels 🩸
chokepoints of flow 🚧

Q: What are the diastolic murmurs?
A: AR, PR, MS, TS 🩺
blowing + rumbling 🌙
filling phase noise 💤

Q: What is pulse pressure?
A: SBP − DBP 💓
↑in AR + aortic stiffness 📏
wide = leaky aorta 🚪

Q: What murmur has an irregularly irregular pulse?
A: A-fib ⚡
no P waves 🌀
chaos in the atria 🎲

Q: What organs have resistance in parallel?
A: Systemic organs 🚰
total R 🔀
all sip from the same aorta 🥤

Q: What is Unstable angina?
A: non-occlusive thrombus 💔😰
pain at rest, troponin − 🚨

Q: aVR
A: right atrium view 📈➡️
supplied by RCA 🩸

Q: aVL
A: high lateral wall 📈⬅️
left circumflex territory 🩸

Q: What has a friction rub when holding breath?
A: Pericarditis 💔
triphasic rub 🎻
persists with breath-hold 🔊

Q: What can Lithium do to Mom?
A: Lithium teratogen 🤰
Ebstein anomaly in fetus ⚡
nephrogenic DI in mom 💧

Q: What murmur has a Water Hammer pulse?
A: Aortic regurg 🩺
Corrigan pulse 🔨
wide pulse pressure 📏

Q: What vessel has the thickest layer of smooth muscle?
A: Arterioles 💪
thickest media:lumen 🩸
aorta = thickest absolute 🧱

Q: What organ has the highest A-VO2 difference at rest?
A: Heart ❤️
~75% O2 extracted 🔥
no reserve, demands more = more flow 💯

Q: What valves make noise during systole?
A: Mitral + Tricuspid 🩺
S1 = AV close 🚪
contraction starts 💪

Q: What is Stable angina?
A: fixed plaque 💔🚶
relieved by rest/nitro 💊

Q: What valves make noise during diastole?
A: Aortic + Pulmonic 🩺
S2 = semilunar close 🚪
relaxation begins 💤

Q: What organ has the highest A-VO2 difference after meal?
A: Gut 🍔
digestion demand 🩸
↑absorption work 🍽️

Q: What vessels have the highest capacitance?
A: Veins + venules 🎈
~70% of blood volume 🩸
body’s blood bank 🏦

Q: What organs have resistance in series?
A: Portal circulation 🍺
gut → liver 🫘
two filters in a row 🚰

Q: aVF
A: inferior wall / apex 📈⬇️
distal LAD / PDA 🩸

Q: What is Cinchonism?
A: quinidine/quinine tox 💊🔔
tinnitus + HA + thrombocytopenia 🎧

Q: What disease has a "3" shaped x- ray?
A: 3️⃣🦴 Coarctation of aorta
rib notching
upper-body HTN 💪

Q: What does a mid-systolic click tell you?
A: Mitral valve prolapse 🩺
click + late murmur 👆
floppy leaflet flops 🪂

Q: What vessels have the largest cross- sectional area?
A: Capillaries 🚰
slowest velocity 🌊
time for gas exchange ⏳

Q: What organ has the highest A-VO2 difference during a test?
A: Brain 🧠
high baseline extraction ⚡
no reserve when stressed 📉

Q: What cardiomyopathy has Pulsus alternans?
A: Dilated CMP 💔
alternating strong/weak beats 📉
severe LV failure 🫠

Q: What layers does a pseudo aortic aneurysm occur?
A: Pseudoaneurysm 🩸
intima + media gone 🩹
held in by adventitia 🎈

Q: What disease has a boot-shaped x-ray?
A: Tetralogy of Fallot 👢
RVH lifts apex 💙
tet spells, squat to relieve 🤸

Q: What organ has the highest A-VO2 difference after exercise?
A: Skeletal muscle 💪
up to 90% O2 extracted 🔥
work demands all of it 🏋️

Q: What are the most common causes of mitral stenosis?
A: Rheumatic heart dz 🩺
post-strep sequela 🦠
fish-mouth valve 🐟

Q: What is Von Hippel-Lindau?
A: VHL 🧬
hemangioblastomas + RCC + pheo 🍇
AD chr 3 🧠

Q: What is Prinzmetal's angina?
A: Prinzmetal vasospasm 💔
rest pain, transient ST elev 😴
CCB 🚫

Q: What is Ebstein's Anomaly?
A: apical tricuspid 💔⬇️
maternal lithium 🍼

Q: What murmurs occur during systole?
A: Systolic murmurs 🩺
holo, mid-click, ejection 💥
contraction phase 💪

Q: What disease has an egg-shaped x-ray?
A: Transposition 🥚
egg on a string 🩻
cyanosis at birth 💙

Q: What layers does a true aortic aneurysm occur?
A: all 3 layers 🩸🎈
intima + media + adventitia 🥪

Q: What disease has Pulsus bigeminus?
A: HOCM / IHSS 💔
outflow obstruction 🪨
paired beats 👯

Q: What is Hemochromatosis?
A: bronze diabetic 🧲🥉
iron everywhere ⚙️

Q: What are the most common causes of aortic stenosis?
A: AS 🩺 age calcification >60 🧓 bicuspid valve <60 🌗

Q: What are the most common causes of mitral regurgitation?
A: MVP, endocarditis, ischemic 🩺💨
rheumatic 🦠

Q: What disease has a snowman- shaped x- ray?
A: TAPVR ⛄
pulm veins → RA/SVC 🩻
cyanotic newborn 💙

Q: What is Transposition of the great arteries?
A: TGA 🔄
aorta from RV, PA from LV 💙
needs PDA to survive 🩹

Q: What is Truncus Arteriosus?
A: septum never spiraled 🌳💙
one trunk, mixed blood 🩸

Q: How much of this CO goes to the brain, heart, and kidney?
A: CO distribution 📊
~20% each 🧠
brain + heart + kidney 1 L/min 🚰

Q: What does S2 splitting tell you?
A: Physiologic split 🩺
delayed P2 on inspiration 🫁
normal finding ✅

Q: What is Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?
A: TAPVR ⛄
pulm veins drain into RA/SVC 🫁
snowman + cyanosis 💙

Q: What is Osler-Weber-Rendu?
A: HHT (OWR) 🩸
AVMs + epistaxis + telangiectasias 🕸️
TGF-β pathway 🌐

Q: Left Coronary infarct Clues
A: LCA/LAD infarct 💔
V1-V4 anterior MI ⬅️
sudden death + CHF risk ☠️

Q: What are the only arteries w/ deoxygenated blood?
A: Pulmonary + umbilical arteries 💙
rule breakers 🩸
heading toward gas exchange 🫁

Q: What is Amyloidosis?
A: Congo red apple-green 🍎🧬
restrictive CMP 🧱

Q: Physiologic values associated with congestive heart failure
A: CHF criteria 💔
EF 📉
or >40% myocardium lost 💀

Q: What does wide S2 splitting tell you?
A: delayed RV emptying 🩺⏰
RBBB or pulmonic stenosis 🚧

Q: What are the most common causes of aortic regurgitation?
A: root dilation, bicuspid, endocarditis 🩺💧
rheumatic too 🦠

Q: What do you see in left sided heart failure?
A: pulm edema + PND + orthopnea 🫁💧
S3 + crackles 🌊

Q: Lead II
A: RA → LL inferior wall 📈📍
RCA territory 🩸

Q: What is Diastole?
A: ventricular filling 💤💧
coronaries perfuse now 🚰

Q: What is Systole?
A: ventricular contraction 💪💥
max O2 extraction 🔥

Q: III
A: Lead III 📈
LA → LL inferior/lateral 📍
left marginal supply 🩸

Q: Where does Type B thoracic aortic dissection occur?
A: descending aorta 🩸✂️
medical BP control 💊

Q: Lead 1 of EKG
A: RA → LA lateral wall 📈📍
circumflex country 🩸

Q: What do you see in right sided heart failure?
A: peripheral edema + JVD 🦵💧
hepatomegaly + ascites 🫃

Q: Where does Type A thoracic aortic dissection occur?
A: ascending aorta 🩸✂️
surgical emergency 🚨

Q: What is the difference between a murmur and a bruit?
A: murmur = heart 🩺🔊
bruit = vessel 🩸

Q: What are the most common causes of tricuspid regurgitation?
A: RV dilation + IVDU endocarditis 🩺💉
rheumatic 🦠

Q: Does a prolonged QT interval result from prolonged ARP or RRP?
A: R-on-T risk ⚡⏱️
torsades de pointes 🌀

Q: What is Cardiac tamponade?
A: Beck triad ↓BP, ↑JVP, muffled 💔🫗
pulsus paradoxus 🫁